Internal-combustion engine.



UNITED STfn*'FsA PATENT orrion.

OTAKAR PODHAJSKY, -OF WARREN, PENNSYLVANIA invented a newland nseful Improvement in Internal- Combustion Engines, oi which the following is a specification. v i v v The object of my invention is to improve the construction of internal combustion-engines of the class in which one or both valves are located the :cylinder head; and to this end it consists in means whereby ak joint betweenthe combustion chamber and the waterjacket is avoided,A provision being made at [the same.

time for keeping Athe cylinder `walls cool -and free from any strains dueto unequal expansion'pr,f v erheating.

In my improyed eonstructionthe joints between the.; r .cylinderhead the cylinder :wall properare of cir-- cular forin ywhich s'ec'ures the-lnecessary resistance ,against explosionpressure,` provides'for'an easy and acf,

curate loi the saine, and prmtof the cylinder.

. headlbeing readily 'removed' and .the vpiston.vs fitlidrawn the opening made 'thereby;for repacking or other `repairs without disturbing the connections o f the pipiugconveyingthegases to and'roml the 'cylinder'. x In` theaccompanying. in which.

"I symbolsloi `reference ,indicate'.like parte, Figure 1 isa to. 1, oi aimodicat'iono myuinvention, the section afs'.

. My invention' is shown and described in: connection lwith a vertically-acting engineand an admissionyalve controlling the gas fand air supply; but this pre- "sentation of the-inventionisnot vintsenied as *a limitation lto 'engines' and valvesofany'particular type ,or

form. Referring to the drawing; the cylinder 1 is suitably attachefd to ithe engine `frame 2. The innerl cylinder bar.

rel 3, which is exposed tothe explosive pressure, is oi y simpleformg extending laterally atione side to receive the cage 4 oi tli,e admission valve 5. The outer shell 6 of the vcylinder does not extend the entire length of the cylinder barrel, the frame` 2 inclesiug the lower part thereof. The lower open or crank end of the cylinder l barrel lits against a circular rib 8 onthe frame 2, and is packed in ythe same'by means of aritig'or rings)oisomeA yielding material, preventing leakage oi the cooling' medium. y This arrangement avoids entirely any joint' in the inner wall of the ylinderand allows'the cylinder barrel to expand 4independentlybiv the outer walls oi vthe cylinder jacket- 1 v Patented sept. 24, roof?.

The cylinderliead l10 is of substantially circular form,

and sufliciently'large 'in diameter to-permit the piston tov be removed'th'rough the top oi the cylinder, and is provided With the exhaust-valve 11. vThe exhaust passage 12, controlled said valve 11, registers with a.4

. similar passage 1 3 in the cylinder wall, and conveys 'the burned' gases to the exhaust pipe 14 suitably attached to the 'cylindea The cynniier head 1o is .provided with .a circular shoulder 15 extending entirely around the same and fitting against asimilar shoulder 16 oi the cyl'- `inder barrel, forming thus a metallic joint suliiciently strong to resist the explosive pressure. The outer end of the cylinder head is equipped with a similar joint l'f'ior 'p'reventing any leakage of the exhaust gases.

In Figsa and 4l I show 'a modification oi `my invention, vthe inlet-valve being located in the removable cylinder head 10 andthe exhaust valve 11 in the lateral extension of the cylinder. The cylinder head is provided with apliirality' of passages 19, 20, conveying the iair and gas whichenter independently oi each other, through the corresponding openings 21, 22, oi the ycylinder, from the pipe connections 23, 24. The'cylinderhead l0', in addition to the joints 1 6, 17, is equipped with another joint 25, which prevents the air and gas from becoming mixed before 'the inlet valve 26 is reached. I v 'In Figs. 1 and 2, the gas passages in the,cyl indei` are marked 22-, and'21, respectively, and the air l and gas pipes leadingto said passages, 24", and 2 3, ref

and scope of my invention, which is to provide an internal combustion engine with no, joint between the in ner cylinder wall and the water-jacket, and a removable [cylinder head equal or. larger in diameter than the cylinder bqre and containing one or both valves 'and adapted to be readily Y removed from the cylinder without disturbing the connections of the pipes conve'ying the gases to or from the cylinder.

1. In an internal combustion'engine, a cylinder, and a provided with a plurality of shoulders tting against simii larshoulderson the' cylinder bore; one of the valves controlling the cylinder being located in said cylinder-head and said. head being provided with a passage-controlled by said valve and registering with a passage. ln thecylinder bore, substantially as described. Y

2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder, and a removable cyllnder-head of substantially,v cylindrical form whose diameter ls greater than that of the'cyllnder 'bore,'

- the outer surface of'the'sald cylinder-head being provided Whose diameter' is `greater than that of the with :l` plurality ofY shoulders fitting against similar shoulders on the cylinder \vall,`the inlet valves controlling the cylinder being located in the cylinder head and said head being provided with passages`controlled by said valves :ind registering with passages in the wall of the cylinder; substantially as described.

3. In an internal combustion engine n cylinder', and a removable cylinder-head of substuntiay cylindrical form cylinder bore, the outer surface'of the cylinder head being provided with a plurality of shoulders fitting against similar shoulders 

